VHH humanisation can be a challenge. Here, we compare two methods – safe-but-slow rational humanisation and fast-but-risky CDR grafting. We also explore the impact of synthetic versus immune-derived frameworks.
VHH Humanisation
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Technical Resources
A selection of technical resources.
The golden age of bi-specific antibodies is here
Bi-specific antibodies (BsAbs) – antibodies that can recognise two different epitopes on either the same or different antigens – have been around for a long time. However, in the past few years we’ve seen a renaissance in the design and application of these molecules.
On the Origin of VHHs: Student serendipity and coincidental camels
We explain how VHHs – small format single-domain antibody fragments – have a range of unique properties that make them ideal for enhancing the therapeutic potential of conventional IgG antibodies.
From monoclonals to bi-specifics: Harnessing the transformative power of VHHs to supercharge IgG therapeutics
We explain how VHHs – small format single-domain antibody fragments – have a range of unique properties that make them ideal for enhancing the therapeutic potential of conventional IgG antibodies.
The structure of myeloid cell-specific TNF inhibitorsaffects their biological properties
Immunogenicity and humanization of single-domainantibodies
Review: Immunogenicity Risk Profile of Nanobodies
Ackaert et al review the immunogenicity risk profile of two VHHs from Phase II clinical trials, examining pre-existing ADAs and comparing to 3 months post-administration.
Neurodegenerative Diseases
The advantages of VHH in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Whitepaper: Clinical landscape for VHHs in immunotherapies
This whitepaper summarises the clinical and research landscape for CAR-T and T-cell engaging antibody therapies and show how single domain VHH antibodies can be applied to optimise the next generation of these important new therapeutic modalities.